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What Problems often Occur with UPS?
The following problems occur frequently in the power grid and cause interference or damage to computers and precision instruments:
Power surges: The output voltage rms value is 110% higher than the rated value and lasts for one or several cycles. The surge is mainly due to the high voltage generated by the sudden unloading of the grid when the large electrical equipment connected to the grid is shut down.
High voltage spikes: These are voltages with peaks of up to 6000V and durations ranging from one ten thousandth of a second to one half of a cycle (10ms).
Switching transients: refers to pulse voltages with peak voltages up to 20000V but lasting from one millionth of a second to one ten thousandth of a second. The main reason and possible damage is similar to high-pressure spikes, but there are differences in the solution.
Power sags: A low voltage condition in which the rms voltage is between 80% and 85% of the rated value and lasts for one to several cycles. Powering up large equipment, large motor starting, or large power transformer access can cause this problem.
Electrical line noise: Refers to radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EFI) and various other high frequency interferences. Motor operation, relay operation, motor controller operation, broadcast emissions, microwave radiation, and electrical storms can cause line noise interference.
Frequency variation: It means that the mains frequency changes more than 3Hz. This is mainly caused by the unstable operation of the emergency generator or by the power supply with unstable frequency.
Brownout: means that the rms voltage of the mains voltage is lower than the rated value and lasts for a long time. The reasons for this include: large equipment start-up and application, main power line switching, starting large motors, and line overload.
Power fail: refers to the situation where the mains supply is interrupted and lasts for at least two cycles to several hours. The causes are: circuit breaker trip on the line, mains supply interruption, grid failure.
Power surges: The output voltage rms value is 110% higher than the rated value and lasts for one or several cycles. The surge is mainly due to the high voltage generated by the sudden unloading of the grid when the large electrical equipment connected to the grid is shut down.
High voltage spikes: These are voltages with peaks of up to 6000V and durations ranging from one ten thousandth of a second to one half of a cycle (10ms).
Switching transients: refers to pulse voltages with peak voltages up to 20000V but lasting from one millionth of a second to one ten thousandth of a second. The main reason and possible damage is similar to high-pressure spikes, but there are differences in the solution.
Power sags: A low voltage condition in which the rms voltage is between 80% and 85% of the rated value and lasts for one to several cycles. Powering up large equipment, large motor starting, or large power transformer access can cause this problem.
Electrical line noise: Refers to radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic interference (EFI) and various other high frequency interferences. Motor operation, relay operation, motor controller operation, broadcast emissions, microwave radiation, and electrical storms can cause line noise interference.
Frequency variation: It means that the mains frequency changes more than 3Hz. This is mainly caused by the unstable operation of the emergency generator or by the power supply with unstable frequency.
Brownout: means that the rms voltage of the mains voltage is lower than the rated value and lasts for a long time. The reasons for this include: large equipment start-up and application, main power line switching, starting large motors, and line overload.
Power fail: refers to the situation where the mains supply is interrupted and lasts for at least two cycles to several hours. The causes are: circuit breaker trip on the line, mains supply interruption, grid failure.